Recoil-operated firearm.



PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908. B. GLARUS. M0011. OPERATED FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 26, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

N0. 898,03. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

B. CLARUS.

REGUIL OPERATED PIRBARM.' APPLICATION FILED DEO. 26,-1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, Mmm l//i//ff//I/ w/ r/vEssEs; VvE/vrom d @La No. 898,038. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

B. CLARUS. REG OIL OPERATED vHREARM.

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 26.1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

n l n w/r/VESSES: "NVENTOR narran sfrars rrnr raro a;

BRUNO CLARUS,` OF LTTICH, BELGIUM.y

BECOIL-OPERATED FIREARM.

No. 898,038. i

Specification of Letters Patent.

" Patented Sept. 8, 1908.

\ Application' led December 26, 1906. Serial No. 349,503.

ThisV invention relates to a recoil operatedl firearm which is distinguished by its great simplicity; it can be readily taken to pieces and allows of the introduction of a long reaction spring.

' The accompanying drawing represents the recoil operated rearm in one form of construction as a pistol.

Figure l, is a longitudinal section through the closed firearm and Fig. 2 a front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 represents the firearm in partial longitudinal section, the firearm not being completely closed so as to show the position wherein the locking piece of the hammer is disengaged by the receiver. Fig. e represents a partial longitudinalsection through the firearm, wherein the breech bolt is partl pushed back. Fig. 5 represents a longitu inal section through the firearm, wherein the receiver is pushed back and the hammer is locked by the locking piece. Fig. 6 is a specialform of construction of the arrangement shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a cross-section on line 7-7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8

is a plan of the trigger with an articulated nib) for the springs in a front elevation part and the corresponding spring. Fig. 9 shows one of the abutments (the limiting and a longitudinal section.

The firearm shown in the accompanying drawing consists of a fixed and a movable part. The fixed part, the frame a contains the trigger mechanism and the. magazine, which is constructed in the usual manner and therefore not shown in the drawing. The partv c forming the barrel is arranged on the upper part a1 of the frame c; it may however be integral with the frame as shown in Fig. 6. The trigger mechanism consists of the trigger n, which is provided with an articulated part p, the sear r, the hammer s, .the locking piece c and the necessary springs. The trigger is guided rectilnearly in a recess of thevgrip or handle ofthe frame .so that it canneither 'move upwards nor downwards. Y The movable part of the barrel consists of the receiver d, which is provided with a firing pin and anA extractor of known construction, which are not specially shown in the drawing. The

. i receiver d has on/its upper part'ribs d1 and grooves d2 (Fig. 2),` which coact with corresponding parts of fthe frame and serve as guide for the rectilinear movement of the receiver d. The receiver d is provided with a recessda, which serves for the reception of thev abutment e shown in Fig. 9 and adapted for limiting. the recoil movement. Before the insertion of the abutment e, the actuatf ing spring is introduced from the front and brought from above into" the recess d3, the engagement of the abutment with the rib d4 r the like on' the receiver d being produced under the reactingpressure of the s ring. The receiver. d can be readily remove after the removal of the abutment, the former need only bepulled backwards and removed. The abutment c is formed in such a manner that 'it may simultaneously serve as foresight for the firearm. The rear lower part of the receiver d is provided with an arcual recess h, which permits the free movement of thehammerl acting on the firing pin.

According to the present invention, means are also provided. for preventing the discharge before a complete closure of the firearm. These means comprise a locking piece 'i for the hammer s, which is rotatably mounted on a pin. The rear nose-shaped end of the locking piece can engage in a rest of the hammer as shown in Fig. 5. The front upper end of the locking piece projects into the lower plane of the receiver d. Fig. 3 shows the position, wherein the end of the locking piece i after the Vcompletion of its rearward movement is moved out of the rest of the hammer s during the forward movement of the receiverd. :llhe `hammer s is provided with a projection s1 which imparts to the sear r an additional movement when the hammer s strikes the firing pin. If this projection s1 of the hammer .s were not provided, it might happen that the lower end r1 of the sear r would remain in contact with the nose of the part p of the trigger 'n even if the top projection r2 of the sear r were moved out of the rest ofthe hammer s. This would lead to an automatic successive discharge of all the cartridges contained in the magazine. The projection s1 imparts to the sear r a special movement, in consequence of which the nose of the part p on the trigger n can pass under the lower V'end rl'of the sear r. The 'latter is thus by no means Aan impediment to the rectilinear movement of the trigger a. A spring is arcompressed,A whereupon the abutment e is ranged in such a manner that it can simultaneously exert a spring action on the locking piece i and the sear 7*. The trigger n is of special construction'. It is moved rectilinearly and returned to its normal initial posltion by the pressure of a spring q. The movement of the trigger is limited by a stop u. There is connected with the trigger an arm 0, which is guided in a corresponding recess of the fr'ame a in such a manner that the trigger is prevented from moving up and down. The 'arm o of the trigger n carries on its rear end an articulated part p, which transmits the movement of the trigger n to the sear 1- and permits in consequence of its articulation the trigger rnl to reassume its normal position after every shotl in such a manner that the trigger Vcan be lrendered, operative again for the discharge of a fresh shot. The arm o of the trigger nl is provided with anarm o1, which earries the spring t` for the articulated part p. For the purpose ofreadily `interchanging the magazine, the lever which engages in the rest of the magazine is pivotally connected to the rip or handle in such a manner that it can ie released from the locking position by pressure from below against its rear arm. The operation of the herein-described recoil operated firearm is well known.

improvement in recoil operated firearms wherein the entire length of same is utilized 'for the'reeeption of a large reaction spring..

This invention is of great importance for pocket firearms which are'usually only made of small dimensions. Consequently, it is not ossible in connection with the constructions hitherto knownto provide therein a sufiicientl elastic locking spring, which can comply with all requirements.

ccording tothe known constructions of recoil operated firearms, the restoring spring which, after the withdrawal of the empty cartridge-holder, brings the receiver into its initial position, is mounted either in the front part or in the rear part of the iirearm. In the former case, the length of the s ring de` pends on that V,of the barrel and in lille latter lcase on the length of the receiver. It is therefore readily obvious that the length of the reaction spring-this important part of a recoil operated iirearm-is rather limited and especially in connection with the constructions for pocket rearms. Only comparatively short sprin s may be used, which do not sufciently taire up the recoil.- When using a short spring, the recoil is transmitted to the hand of the shooter, which is obviated when a long spring is, employed. Accordin to the vpresent invention, this drawback isoviatedv and the recoil of the receiver is taken' up by a suitable device after the empty cartridgeholder is withdrawn. As the recoil takes placewith considerable force, especiallywhen 65 -the breech bolt or the spring are badly pro- The present invention also relates to an portioned, interruptions in the mechanism vand even accidents may frequently occur.

The present arrangement 1s as follows: The reaction spring w (Fig. 6) is located in the spring barrel 1J. In consequence of the special arrangement, the spring may be made as long as possible. `In the arrangements according to Figs. 1, 4 and v5, there is located in the spring barrel :r a pin y, by the collar or band y1 of which two springs are separated from each other. One of these springs, the reaction 'spring of the breech-block spring w1, has less tension than the spring @02, which is located behind the part y1. The spring barrel :c has moreover a screw-head :t1 against which the spring fw2 bears. A

. Fig. 1 represents the pistol'in the actof firing. The pin y is forced by the pressure of its s ring L02 with the hin e or band against an a utment of the barrel Without this resistance, it Vwould compress the weaker s ring w1 in consequence 'of the pressure of t e stron er spring fw?.

Fig. 4 s oWs the receiver cl in the position when the pin y comes in contact with the tongue z of the sprin w1. The impact caused by the recoil of t ,e receiver is taken u by the compression of the spring wz (1* ig 5).-

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Ina recoil loading firearm, a fixed barrel, a receiver sliding on said barrel, a spring extending substantially the length or' the barrel, and a casing or barrel for said spring .xed to thefirearrn within said receiver.

2. In a recoil loading iirearm, a iixed barrel, a hollow receiver mounted to slide u on said firearm, a s ring casing or barrel fixe to said rearmwit said sliding receiver7 and a spring Aoperating against said casino' and adapted to move said receiver forwardly.

3. In a recoil loading firearm, a fixed barrel, a hollow receiver mounted to slide upon said irearm, a spring casing or barrel fixed to said firearm within said sliding receiver, and a spring operating against said casing and ada ted to move-'said receiver forwardly,

and sai casing being adapted to form a guide for said receiver.

4. In a recoil loading iirearm, a fixed barrel, a sliding receiver, a casing or barrel within said receiver, a spring for operating against said casing and means for limiting com ression of said spring, and a recoil spring a apt-v ed to operate independently of said actuating spring.

5. n a recoil loading iirearm, a iixed barrel, a sliding receiver, a casing or barrel within said re'ceiver, a spring for operating against said casing and means for limiting com ression of said sprin anda recoil spring a a'pt- .ed to operate in ependently of said actuating sprmg, said recoil spring being mounted 1n said casmg.

said receiver, a nib for limiting the movement of said receiver and adapted to form an abutment fory said spring, said nib being adapted to be inserted in said receiver from 'the top7 and a sight carried by said nib.

'n Witness whereof, have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing rel, n sliding receiver, a casing or barrel within Said receiver,`a spring `for operating against said casing and means for limiting com ression of said spring, and a, recoil spring a apted to operate indeendentl; of said actuatuig (i. n a recoil' loading firearm, a xedvbarspring, said recoi spring eilig mounted m said casing, a pin ZWithin said actuating Witnesses. spring and a pin y having a collar 'y1 against v BRUNO CLARUS. which such recoil spring acts. Witnesses:

7. ln a recoil loading firearm, a fixed ber- B. GOEBEL, rel, a sliding receiver;7 a spring Afor actuating J. GROVE. 

